JST Connector Types: Electrical Terminals for Wire-to-Wire or Wire-to-Board Connections

What are JST Connectors?

JST connectors are a family of electrical connectors designed and manufactured by Japan Solderless Terminal (JST). These connectors are known for their reliability, compact size, and versatility. They are used in a wide range of applications, including consumer electronics, automotive systems, industrial equipment, and medical devices.

JST connectors come in various series, each with specific features and characteristics to suit different connection requirements. Some of the most popular JST connector series include:

• XH Series
• PH Series
• SM Series
• ZH Series
• SH Series

These connectors are designed for low-current applications and offer a secure, vibration-resistant connection. They are available in different pin counts, pitch sizes, and mounting styles to accommodate various design needs.

JST Connector Features

JST connectors offer several key features that make them a popular choice for electrical connections:

1. Compact Size: JST connectors are known for their small footprint, allowing for space-saving designs in electronic devices and equipment.

2. Reliable Connection: These connectors provide a secure and stable connection, ensuring reliable signal and power transmission.

3. Vibration Resistance: Many JST connector series feature locking mechanisms that prevent accidental disconnection due to vibration or movement.

4. Versatility: JST connectors are available in a wide range of pin counts, pitch sizes, and mounting styles, making them suitable for various applications.

5. Easy Assembly: JST connectors are designed for easy assembly, with crimp terminals that can be easily attached to wires using the appropriate crimping tool.

JST Connector Types

XH Series

The JST XH series is a popular choice for wire-to-wire and wire-to-board connections. These connectors feature a 2.50mm pitch and are available in 2 to 16 pin configurations. They have a current rating of 3A and a voltage rating of 250V.

Key features of the JST XH series include:

• Compact design
• Reliable connection with a locking mechanism
• Suitable for low-current applications
• Easy to assemble with crimp terminals

PH Series

The JST PH series is another widely used connector series, known for its compact size and reliability. These connectors have a 2.00mm pitch and are available in 2 to 15 pin configurations. They have a current rating of 2A and a voltage rating of 100V.

Key features of the JST PH series include:

• Very small footprint
• Secure connection with a locking mechanism
• Ideal for space-constrained applications
• Compatible with crimp terminals for easy assembly

SM Series

The JST SM series is a low-profile connector series designed for surface mount applications. These connectors have a 2.50mm pitch and are available in 2 to 12 pin configurations. They have a current rating of 3A and a voltage rating of 250V.

Key features of the JST SM series include:

• Low-profile design for surface mount applications
• Reliable connection with a locking mechanism
• Suitable for low-current applications
• Compatible with surface mount crimp terminals

ZH Series

The JST ZH series is a high-current connector series designed for power supply applications. These connectors have a 1.50mm pitch and are available in 2 to 6 pin configurations. They have a current rating of 10A and a voltage rating of 250V.

Key features of the JST ZH series include:

• Compact design for high-current applications
• Secure connection with a locking mechanism
• Suitable for power supply connections
• Compatible with crimp terminals for easy assembly

SH Series

The JST SH series is a compact connector series with a 1.00mm pitch, making it one of the smallest JST connector series available. These connectors are available in 2 to 10 pin configurations and have a current rating of 1A and a voltage rating of 100V.

Key features of the JST SH series include:

• Extremely small footprint
• Reliable connection with a locking mechanism
• Ideal for high-density applications
• Compatible with crimp terminals for easy assembly

JST Connector Applications

JST connectors find use in a wide range of industries and applications due to their reliability, compact size, and versatility. Some common applications include:

1. Consumer Electronics: JST connectors are widely used in consumer electronic devices such as smartphones, tablets, laptops, and wearables for connecting displays, batteries, sensors, and other components.

2. Automotive Industry: In the automotive industry, JST connectors are used for various applications, including wiring harnesses, sensors, control units, and infotainment systems.

3. Industrial Equipment: JST connectors are used in industrial equipment for connecting sensors, actuators, motors, and control systems.

4. Medical Devices: In medical devices, JST connectors are used for connecting sensors, displays, and other electronic components, ensuring reliable and compact connections.

5. Robotics and Automation: JST connectors are used in robotics and automation applications for connecting sensors, actuators, and control systems, providing secure and vibration-resistant connections.

JST Connector Selection Guide

When selecting a JST connector for your application, consider the following factors:

1. Pin Count: Determine the number of pins required for your connection based on the number of signals or power lines needed.

2. Pitch Size: Choose a connector series with a pitch size that suits your space constraints and connection density requirements.

3. Current and Voltage Rating: Ensure that the selected connector series has a current and voltage rating that meets or exceeds your application’s requirements.

4. Mounting Style: Consider whether you need a wire-to-wire or wire-to-board connection and select a connector series that supports the appropriate mounting style.

5. Environmental Factors: Take into account any environmental factors such as temperature, humidity, and vibration that may affect the connector’s performance and choose a series that can withstand these conditions.

JST Connector Comparison Table

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

1. Q: Are JST connectors compatible with connectors from other manufacturers?
   A: JST connectors are designed to be compatible with other JST connectors in the same series. However, they may not be directly compatible with connectors from other manufacturers, even if they have similar specifications.

2. Q: Can I mix and match JST connector series in the same application?
   A: While it is possible to use different JST connector series in the same application, it is generally recommended to use connectors from the same series for consistency and compatibility.

3. Q: What is the difference between crimp and solder terminals for JST connectors?
   A: Crimp terminals are designed to be attached to wires using a crimping tool, providing a secure and reliable connection. Solder terminals, on the other hand, require soldering the wire to the terminal. Crimp terminals are more common for JST connectors due to their ease of assembly and reliability.

4. Q: How do I choose the right crimp tool for JST connectors?
   A: JST provides specific crimp tools for each connector series to ensure proper crimping and a reliable connection. It is essential to use the recommended crimp tool for the connector series you are working with to achieve the best results.

5. Q: Can JST connectors be used in high-temperature applications?
   A: JST connectors are typically rated for operating temperatures ranging from -25°C to +85°C. For high-temperature applications, it is essential to consult the specific connector series datasheet and ensure that the connector is suitable for the desired temperature range. Some JST connector series may offer high-temperature variants for more demanding applications.

Conclusion

JST connectors are a reliable and versatile choice for wire-to-wire and wire-to-board connections in a wide range of industries and applications. With their compact size, secure locking mechanisms, and easy assembly, these connectors offer a robust solution for electrical connections.

When selecting a JST connector for your application, consider factors such as pin count, pitch size, current and voltage rating, mounting style, and environmental requirements. By choosing the appropriate JST connector series and following proper assembly guidelines, you can ensure a reliable and efficient electrical connection in your design.